Concept of Justice in Bhagavad Gita Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Idea of Justice in Bhagavad Gita - Essay Example The Bhagavad Gita is viewed as the holy content of Hinduism and has vital significance. It has around 700 sections and its educator is Krishna, who is the Divine One(The Norton Anthology of English Literature, 1010). In this figurative portrayal of equity, the five Pandava siblings come back to their territory just to discover that it has been taken over by their family members. The five siblings make tranquil endeavors to guarantee that their cousins return, what is legitimately theirs. Be that as it may, the cousins reject, which urges Arjuna to constrain war against them. The war is pursued and it is an equitable war so as to guarantee that equity is achieved in the land (The Norton Anthology of English Literature, 1012). In the Bible, the social equity perspective can be effectively seen in the stanzas of Bible (The Norton Anthology of English Literature, 1207). A considerable lot of the stanzas focus on the social equity viewpoint. The sections spin around the maxims of Jesus, which expresses that people, who have material belongings, must deal with poor people and distraught. Simultaneously, analysis against bigotry, favoritism, and separation can likewise be seen. The segregation beat ladies, poor, outsiders, Gentiles and individuals, who had no rights and no voice(The Norton Anthology of English Literature, 1213). The Koran is viewed as the hallowed content of the Muslims. The idea of equity in Koran depends on profound quality and it is identified with the character of people (The Norton Anthology of English Literature, 1426). Equity is significant piece of the Koran and it unequivocally affirms that God is simply and reasonable in dealing.â

The Whisperings Of The War Essay Example For Students

The Whisperings Of The War Essay A sonnet is made out of a general topic that sets the state of mind. The mind-set of the sonnet shifts structure glad to dismal, outrage to lovely, or numerous others. The topic is a general review of what the sonnet is expressing, however the sonnet itself has an a lot further importance and represents significant translation. Among the words and expressions of a sonnet, there are sure attributes and hidden thoughts that should be seen all together for the sonnet to be comprehended. The utilization of war is a general topic utilized all the time. The accompanying creators and there sonnets utilize the subject of war: Rupert Brooke’s, â€Å"The Soldier†; Wilfred Owen’s, â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth†; and William Butler Yeats’, â€Å"An Irish Foresees His Death†. Despite the fact that the three sonnets utilize the topic of war, they appear to be murmuring other hidden thoughts which are enthusiasm, authenticity, and fate. Robert Brooke’s sonnet, â€Å"The Soldier† is an incredible portrayal for the enthusiasm of an English trooper. At the time that the sonnet war composed, World War I was in full power, so that may have influenced Brooke’s to compose this sonnet. The sonnet is composed from the part of an English warrior. All through the sonnet, ramifications of nationalism are oppressed through the words picked. â€Å"If I should kick the bucket, think just this of me/That there’s some edge of a remote field/That is for ever England. There will be/In that rich earth a more extravagant residue concealed† (320). Brooke’s depicts this warrior to be happy to kick the bucket for his nation, to make sure he will have the option to add to England’s triumph. The trooper feels that his life will be held in respect and that his bones are considerably more important than some real estate parcel. Additionally, the officer believes that when he kicks the bucket, he will leave a little bit of England there on the combat zone, making it a superior spot. Brooke’s portrays enthusiasm well overall and the outlook of a warrior ready to secure his country. In stories advised, it appears that the idea experiencing most officers head’s is passing and when they are going to kick the bucket. In Wilfred Owen’s sonnet, â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth†, the subject of authenticity is portrayed all through the sonnet. Like Brookes, Owen composed this sonnet during the time of World War I. The sonnet is composed from the point of view of a trooper that recounts the authenticity of war and the difficulties it causes. The trooper portrays a scene of total disarray, the sort of scene found in a diary, not a letter home. â€Å"What passing-chimes for these who pass on as steers?/Only the massive resentment of the firearms./Only the faltering rifles’ quick clatter/Can patter out their rushed orisons./No jokes now for them; no pet itions nor bells† (321). The officer clarifies the passing that is going on in the war and the bodies that are encompassing him. He moves toward the issue of the perishing and can possibly reach the resolution that on the off chance that they continue battling it will stop. The trooper additionally sees the absence of grieving and affirmation for the dead. This shows the authenticity of war on the grounds that despite the fact that individuals are kicking the bucket, the battling must proceed so as to win. In war there is no opportunity to grieve the demise of warriors until after the battling is finished, and Owen uncovers this monstrously. Tolerating your own passing is difficult to do, however the vast majority realize that they are going to bite the dust. Realizing that you are going to pass on before long is practically difficult to acknowledge. In William Butler Yeats’ sonnet, â€Å"An Irish Airman Foresees His Death†, predetermination assumes a significant job in war. Additionally like Brookes and Owens, Yeats composed this at the hour of World War I. The sonnet is composed from the perspective of an Irish pilot who acknowledges the way that it is his predetermination to bite the dust in fight. The trooper portrays what he will think will occur. â€Å"I realize that I will meet my destiny/Somewhere among the mists above;/. . . The years to come appeared to be misuse of expansiveness,/A misuse of broadness the years behind/In offset with this life, this death.† (322). The warrior realizes that once he gets into the plane there is no turning around. He realizes he will bite the dust, and nothing can stop him. He thinks back on his life and the recollections, and afterward forward to his future nor merit living for, just beyond words nation, realizing passing is coming fast. Yeats depicts predetermination appropriately in his sonnet. .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f , .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f .postImageUrl , .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f , .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f:hover , .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f:visited , .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f:active { border:0!important; } .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f:active , .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f:hover { mistiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: re lative; } .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content adornment: underline; } .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content embellishment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } . u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u614fb1b52c00e9aecd922631ee3ec46f:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: One Hell of a System EssayThe parts of war have various effects on artists as found in the past composition. War is an uplifting subject and leads artists to compose like they have never composed. It empowers them to communicate utilizing words that stream in what appears to be a characteristic request. The topic that an artist chooses to utilize is the thing that gives the sonnet substance and life, however it is the thing that the creator doesn't unmitigatedly say that gives the sonnet meaning. A writer lets others comprehend what individuals truly envision about the world and various perspectives from various in dividuals. Bibliography:Works CitedBrooke, Rupert. â€Å"The Soldier.† Kirszner and Mandell 320. Owen, Wilfred. â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth.† Kirsner and Mandell 321. Yeats, William Butler. â€Å"An Irish Airman Foresees His Death.† Kirszner and Mandell 322. Kirszner, Laurie G. furthermore, Stephan G Mandell eds. Writing: Reading, Writing, andReacting. San Diego: Harcourt College Publishers, 2001.

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Madeline Hearons Prologue to Philosophy Dr. Butterfield 9 March 2014 The Problem of Evil â€Å"The issue of evil† has been a disputable point for savants, yet additionally individuals of various beliefs everywhere throughout the world. The issue of fiendishness offers the conversation starters that if there is a higher force, an ideal God, in what capacity can that higher force permit such shades of malice to happen in this world? How could this ideal God make such disasters on the planet? How might he permit such misery? As these inquiries have been posed, numerous logicians have various considerations and assessments on what sort of higher force truly exists, and how wickedness can emerge out of such an ideal and adoring God. The model I have picked suggests the conversation starter of whether an ideal higher force truly exists. In the event that an ideal God has made this world, for what reason would he incorporate wickedness? Subsequent to investigating various logicians and their various perspectives on the issue of fiendishness, Gottfried Leibniz stood out t o me. I discovered looking at our perspectives intriguing. The issue of wickedness demonstrates inconsistency in strict way of thinking, that an ideal God could conceivably exist (Pecornio, 1). On the off chance that an ideal God exists, for what reason would he put malicious into our reality and advance misery? A few savants have contended that this languishing is result over our own transgressions. In the event that you enthusiastically pick a way of shrewd, at that point insidiousness will introduce itself onto you. A case of this would be that in the event that you realize smoking is terrible and can cause lung malignancy, you despite everything decide to smoke, you â€Å"deserve† the detestable outcome of getting lung disease (Beebe, 1). The issue of insidiousness pinpoints two sorts of abhorrence: moral malicious and regular fiendishness. Moral malevolence is a kind of malice that is brought about by humanity itself, for example, murder, misuse, and sexual... ...t imply that a God doesn't exist, yet one that all knows, all-amazing, and every single present doe not exist. The Logical Problem of Evil clarifies this, conflicting with Leibniz and his convictions, yet underpins my model. I accept that Leibniz contention in convincing and have some admirable sentiments. In end to the issue of shrewdness, I believe that your convictions will lead you to follow a specific view on this theme. I additionally accept that you don't need to pick one certain side, that this subject isn't highly contrasting. The issue of fiendishness can truly make you consider the difficulties of the world, and what the explanation and cause for enduring is. Who do you accept is mindful? Is it a higher force, or your own activities that cause these things to occur? Strict perspectives may persuade one thought, yet your legitimate sense may persuade something totally extraordinary.

Analyzing the Effects of the English Language on Our Nation - Free Essay Example

Analyzing the Effects of the English Language on Our Nation A. Language. We see, hear, and use it every day. Language may vary in form and size. Today, English language is recognized as a world language and commonly used in many cultures. However, hundreds of different languages exist in the world and some issues may arise when English is not the native language of a speaker. The languages differ widely in terms of the number of people who use them. Stereotypes and generalizations are formed on non-native speakers when English proficiency is enforced. Social, cultural, and economic factors have an impact on the manner and extent to which language unifies and divides our nation. B. In society, the media is a language tool commonly used to represent a material and social infrastructure for communication among people. Hjarvard mentions in an article that the media is a characteristic of society and â€Å"quite naturally has an imprint on language† (Hjarvard 75). The media has and will continue to serve as a vital necessity for international communication, both formal and informal. Hjarvard continues to state the fact that â€Å"language both in political and commercial contexts and intercultural exchanges act as bridges between people who cross cultural frontiers or like to enrich their lives with media products from abroad† (Hjarvard 76). Consumers should consider their personal and social values for themselves rather than society as a whole. The media may influence ones decision to purchase a particular product based on the message communicated to the audience; however, the final decision belongs to the individual themselves. Along with the idea that many social influences are expressed through the media, the issue of miscommunication or misunderstanding may come up. The use of improper or â€Å"broken English† by non-native English speakers may cause native English speakers to generalize the idea that speakers of other languages are uneducated and often discriminated. Amy Tan is particular individual who has shared an experience where non-native speakers of English use the language on a limited level. According to Amy, people made the limited English seem â€Å"as if every is limited, including peoples perceptions of the limited English speaker† (Tan 122). Instead of jumping into false accusations of non-native English speakers, society should have an open mind that these speakers are capable of communicating their message properly if given the chance to do so. Non-native speakers can improve their knowledge of the proper grammatical usage of the English language in order to add clarity to their speech and interaction between others in any society where English is spoken. In terms of the economy, opportunities for jobs have become widely available to individuals all around the world. In many nations, the demands for English teachers are high in order to educate the citizens of their cultural society to integrate a global awareness of universal language. Block states in his article that â€Å"as a result, there has recently been an altogether more reflective and refined approach to language teaching methods and their transferability around the world as well as to the cultural appropriacy of particular language teaching materials in different parts of the world† (Block 76). However, there is a mutual benefit between native and non-native speakers of English. In fact, Foroudastan states that that the â€Å"lack of linguistic unity costs the government money as it spends millions of dollars translating public documents and providing translation services† (Foroudastan 1). People of a different ethnic background who speak their native language may find a stable career in dialectal translation. This way, we have a win-win situation. C. In an increasingly globalized world, the level of agreement with international issues varies from civilization to civilization. Language is a vital tool used to communicate the facts of these issues and may divide nations more rather than unify them. English is a common language people use whenever they wish to communicate with others outside their own linguistic community. Some nations disagree with the idea of Western dominance and control among other indigenous civilizations. Block argues in his article that others see language as a â€Å"sociological descriptor of events going on around us† (Block 75). This is how everyone around the world knows about the international affairs that may affect ones cultural society, the nations economy, and politics. D. In a realistic world, the world would be a perfect place if every civilization came to agreement on international issues that affect every cultures society, economy, and politics. Unfortunately, many may find themselves dreaming about this occurrence because it seems impossible. There are, however, courses of steps that nations can implement to improve the conditions of language on their society as a whole. Money has always been used as an incentive to persuade consumers to adapt to the popular interests of society that benefit economies and businesses all around the world today. It is possible for individuals or people to have the best thing or experience that would benefit for themselves. Krauss believes that â€Å"in order for countries and governments to improve their economies, they must trade or do business with other foreign countries (Krauss 1). Obviously, the foreign country that they’re dealing with would have a different language and culture. The use and the spread of the English language across the globe would be extremely helpful in a situation like this. Having a universal language for everyone to speak would be beneficial, since it provides a common ground for everyone to communicate and settle cultural differences aside, uniting people of all different ethnicities. Another possible approach to improve the global influence of language, particularly English is to send a team of certified English teachers to foreign countries to educate students on the proper usage of English in any society they may find themselves in. Teaching English as a second language to speakers of other languages is a career that exists today. Many nations are demanding the need for English teachers to provide a cultural, societal, economic, and political affects of the English language. These teachers would need to attend school and obtain a degree that verifies their understanding and knowledge of teaching English. Tutoring during the summer break would be a great opportunity for teachers to travel abroad and spend valuable time non-native speakers and even obtain an eye-opening experience of life in certain cultures. Annotated Bibliography Block, David. â€Å"Globalization and language teaching. † Key Concepts in ELT. 1 Jan. 2004. Web. 17 Apr. 2010. In this article, the author defines globalization as an increase in international social relations that unite local cultures in a way where local occurrences are shaped by events that occur around the world. Five areas of common issues that are disagreed up by many civilizations are addressed by the author. In addition, specific examples are used in the article to describe the effect of globalization on teaching language . The article focuses on suggestions that language teachers should consider when approaching the situation. This article was very informative and served as an eye-opener. Foroudastan, Cameron. â€Å"Language unification adds benefits. † Campus Carrier Guest Writer. 3 Dec. 2009. Web. 17 Apr. 2010. The author of this article stresses the fact that language does indeed unify nations and provides many social and economic benefits. Foroudastan argues that in order for a integrated literate nation, English should be considered the official language of America. English as a universal language would eliminate the issue of the need for translators of different languages. The author also mentions the fact that proficiency in English is correlated to educational success. This article was descriptive in that the author mentions the aspects of unification that language provides. Hjarvard, Stig. â€Å"The Globalization of Language: How the media contribute to the spread of English and the emergence of medialects. † Plenary Session III. 2003. Web. 17 Apr. 2010. In this article, the author analyzes the role of media in the spread of English as well as the media-bound varieties of language. Hjarvard believes that the media is a component of culture and contributes to the globalization on the virtues of institutional structures. The author includes many specific examples as to what types of media have the most impact on society and culture. Whether the media are computers, television, music, etc. The author argues that English is not the only language being spread through the linguistic effects of the media. In addition, the media also affects the process of social and cultural distinction in certain civilizations. This article was very descriptive and informative. Krauss, Michael. â€Å"Language and Culture threatened by Globalization. † Alaska Native Language Center. 2009. Web. 17 Apr. 2010. This article describes the depreciation of culture and language as vital values to hold true to in society. The author mentions specific methods and examples as to society should approach the issue of globalization to preserve the economy in a culture. The author also explains the positive results of her suggestions on society and culture as a whole. Krauss also states the reality that globalization has always been an major issue in different cultures and societies around the world. This article was descriptive and informative. Tan, Amy. â€Å"Mother Tongue. † The New World Reader. Ed. Carrie Brandon. Boston: New York, 2008. 120-125. Print. Tan describes a personal experience on the variations of Englishness one may use depending on the situation and the receiver of the expressed language by the speaker. Certain instances may require the switch from informal to formal dialogue. The author focuses on the power of language that may present a variety of expressions. Tan describes an instance that resulted in the limited perception of her mother due to her â€Å"broken English†. The common generalization that non-native speakers are uneducated often leads to misunderstandings and misconceptions. This article stresses the value of English proficiency in society for proper treatment as a sophisticated individual. This article was descriptive and informative.

Global Warming and the Ocean - 1261 Words

Ocean is the largest water body that covers 70% of the Earth’s surface. In this giant pool, thousands of known and unknown species thrive and create massive food web and environment. For several centuries ocean had and still is providing us with seafood, salt, minerals, transportation, and even leisure. However, in return, humans had leaked toxic chemicals, dumped trash, over-captured fishes and sea organisms, and destroyed environment and geography. Also, due to humans’ ever growing carbon usage from burning fossil fuel had made Earth and ocean temperature unnaturally hot. Today, as the result, the ocean had become a rotten pot of seafood and toxin. Although regret is always too late, if people realize this danger as an imminent threat and change, it is possible to revive the ocean. Global Warming Global warming is one of the biggest environmental issues not just for the ocean but also for the entire Earth. The global warming is caused by greenhouse gases such as the carbon dioxide and methane, which create an invisible cover around the Earth. The cover or the atmosphere with the green house gases lets in the sunlight but do not let the reflected light back into the outer space. This is known as the greenhouse effect. Ice Caps Are Melting The global warming had great impact on Artic ice. From 1979, more than 20% of Arctic ice has melted away due to increased surface air and ocean temperatures. Also, the accumulated area loss is approximately a third of continental US.Show MoreRelatedThe Effect Of Global Warming On The Ocean Essay2046 Words   |  9 Pages Chemistry A.S.91389 Chemical Process ‘Effect of Global Warming on the Ocean’ Jessica Smith Processes Although there is currently no way of accurately measuring such a value, scientists estimate that every day, 79 million tonnes of carbon dioxide is emitted into the atmosphere (2). 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The Dangers Of Unsafe Sleep - 1738 Words

One of the most enjoyable moments in a parent’s life is to see the birth of their child. They would do anything to protect their little one from any diseases or illnesses but sometimes there are some things they do not know about until it was too late. Once they get home, some parents are prepared for a newborn and others are not. Being in the hospital, parents have nurses to help them out and transition them into parenthood for the short time they are there, however once they leave they are on their own caring for their child. One thing that most parents are not aware is about the dangers of unsafe sleep in the home. Safe sleep is one of the most important things to educate parents on. From informing ways to help prevent any incidents happening while their newborn is sleeping to providing a safe sleeping environment for the newborn to prevent any harm while asleep. According to Sauber-Schatz’s article, the biggest sleep-related issues are Sudden Unexplained Infant Deaths (SUID) which includes Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). SIDS has one of the highest mortality rates for infants aging one month to one year of life. The purpose of this paper is to show how culture plays a role in safe sleep and that if parents are not educated enough on safe sleep; unsafe environments can lead to SIDS. Safe Sleep Education Education plays an important role when it comes to caring for a new baby, and that includes safe sleep. One of the most common short comings in this area isShow MoreRelatedDangers Posed By The Fast Food Industry899 Words   |  4 PagesDangers Posed by the Fast Food Industry â€Å"A nation s diet can be more revealing than its art or literature† (Schlosser, 3). Historically, few trends have been as popular in the United States as fast food. 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Companies Focused On Mitigation Of Risks â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Companies Focused On Mitigation Of Risks? Answer: Introduction As the computer industry has evolved so have the security measures used to safeguard data. To start with, there was computer security which involved limiting the level of access of ordinary users to the level that enabled them to only perform their tasks. Information security was the second aspect after users got personal computers and began innovating. The third term was cyber security was developed after the introduction of the digital era. Nowadays, there is cyber resilience that ensures that cyber security is implemented from the top level using the top down approach. Using this strategy, cyber security is not solely the task of the Information Technology (IT) department. Due to an increase cybercrime, companies ought to start embedding resilience protocols in their business models. This should be done through governance and management processes. This is aimed at protecting information in business processes such as product development which not only minimizes risk but also increases efficiency. According to a research carried out by Telstra, Australian companies are recognizing the significance of involving all stakeholders in cyber security (Telstra Cyber Security Report 2017, 2017). In addition, their research indicated that the Information Technology (IT) department was held responsible for the security breaches experienced in 2015 and 2016. However, their research also indicated that the blame has shifted towards top level managers due to an increase from 19 percent in 2015 to 61 percent in 2016 (Telstra Cyber Security Report 2017, 2017). Moreover, there is a rise in the involvement of executives in cyber security initiatives accounting. Methodology The research carried out involved secondary data retrieved from the internet. One of the sources was the Telstra Cyber Security report comprised of findings from a research carried out by Frost Sullivan. The online surveys conducted by Telstra gained 360 responses and 42 percent were from Australia. Additionally, Telstra used data gathered from its security products and partners. Majority of the results were derived from large organizations with more than five hundred employees globally (Telstra Cyber Security Report 2017, 2017). The research focused on the information technology sector, public sector and manufacturing and logistics respectively. The other secondary sources did not involve research findings. Threats Threats can be categories in various ways. First, cybercrime where the aim is to acquire financial rewards directly or indirectly. Second, cyber hackers that are motivated by a belief to achieve a certain goal. Third, cyber espionage which is aimed at getting a strategic or economic advantage. Fourth, business continuity management which includes natural disasters and consequences of human error (Cyber Resilience Best Practices, n.d.). The nature of threats varies depending on the forms of crimes and the tools used. For example, the forms may include, manipulation, blackmail, and theft. On the other hand, the tools used may be malware, spyware, ransomware, and devices (Telstra Cyber Security Report 2017, 2017). In some cases, such as ransomware there are companies that sell these services (Cybersecurity: Threats, Challenges, Opportunities, 2016). To begin with, there is the ransomware which occurs when one is denied access to a device until a ransom is paid. The most common is cryptoware which encrypts files and demands payment to unlock them such as Cryptolocker. Another type is Ranscam where the exhorters claim the file are encrypted while in reality they have been deleted (Cybersecurity: Threats, Challenges, Opportunities, 2016). In such cases, ransom is not supposed to be paid since companies have backups. However, companies choose to pay the ransom if the price is lower than the cost of implementing the backed-up files and resuming normal operation. In some cases, the files are not recovered after payment because they can be sold to third parties or they had been deleted. In Australia, these attacks are common as aforementioned. In 2016, 24 percent of the companies experienced this type of an attack and it took at most five hours to recover (Telstra Cyber Security Report 2017, 2017). A vendor research revealed that along the Asian region ransomware is the most downloaded tool of attack. This is because of the ease of availability on the internet. As a result, only 40 percent of the Australian companies in the research did not undergo such an attack. For those companies that paid the ransom, 33 percent failed to recover their files. Some companies choose to pay the ransom to maintain their reputation. Another form of threat is botnets. A bot is a device that is compromised, controlled remotely and connected to the user such as a webcam. A collection of bots makes up a botnet. With a large number of botnets, one can carry out a distributed denial of service attack such as the attack on the website of the Australian Bureau of Statistics Ecensus in 2016 (Cybersecurity: Threats, Challenges, Opportunities, 2016). Denial of service attacks occur when many messages are sent to a website making normal operation to halt. On the other hand, distributed denial of service attack occurs when many devices are used to deliver this attack (Cybersecurity: Threats, Challenges, Opportunities, 2016). Phishing is form of attack that occurs when a user clicks on a malicious link in an email that had posed as a trusted message and malware is downloaded and executed. An example is a fake shopping invoice phishing for credit card information. Spear phishing attack is when an email targets a certain member of an organization based on research carried out mainly through social media. Another term that is used is whaling which occurs when a phishing attack targets a top senior executive (Telstra Cyber Security Report 2017, 2017). Generally, these forms of attack are can be grouped as social engineering attacks operations (Cyber Resilience Best Practices, n.d.). Adoption of security protocols The findings revealed that most companies use various security measures such as access controls. They also use guidelines from the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority and Australian Cyber Security Center (Telstra Cyber Security Report 2017, 2017). Mainly, audits are conducted and assist in the formulation of policies on cyber security. There was also an increase in the number of board briefing meetings conducted by companies within a month. These board meetings checked on the effectiveness and efficiency of the security measures being used by the companies. This is proof that many companies are involving the top management in cyber security initiatives. However, there are vital security measures that majority of the companies do not implement. The findings revealed that majority of Australian companies do not conduct cyber drills (Telstra Cyber Security Report 2017, 2017). Cyber security drills are useful for testing the response and continuity plans in case an attack occurs. Further, most companies do not adopt the Payment Card Industry Security Standards which are required to avoid security breaches for those who accept credit cards. This was attributed to lack of awareness, outsourcing of this function and the lack of use by the majority. Finally, there was also a small percentage of companies that failed to check the authenticity of the information provided by their vendors. Framework Cyber resilience is used to ensure the company is able to continue meeting its objectives. This means that the measures employed must be aligned to the objectives. The framework outlined is in the Cyber Resilience Best Practices and is based on the ITIL service management lifecycle (Cyber Resilience Best Practices, n.d.). This approach was developed in 1989 and has continued to deliver effective IT services. This framework can also be used by companies that do not use ITIL in IT service management. The elements of this cyber resilience are clear ownership and responsibility for it by the board and tailored training for the employees. as a result, the companys critical assets and key threats are identified and communicated. The company is also able to assess its cyber resilience strategy. There are also control measures that a company must employ to maintain balance in cyber resilience. The first are preventive controls which are used to prevent incidences that lead to attacks. The second are detective controls that are used to indicate when such incidences occur. The third are corrective controls that respond and correct such incidences. The selection of the right balance depends on the ability of the company to deliver services, maintain customer convenience and mitigate risks. The design and implementation of these controls is done based on the management system the company uses. For example, there is the strategy, design, transition, operation and continued improvement used by ITIL (Cyber Resilience Best Practices, n.d.). The first stage of the cycle is the strategy. Here, the objectives of the company are clearly defined and understood so all the activities that follow are based on them. Then, the critical assets that are information, systems and services are identified. These assets include those that are essential to the stakeholders. The threats and risks that these assets face are also outlined. The second stage is the design. The design is done based on the strategy that was set up. The selection of the appropriate controls, training, and procedures is done. Moreover, the levels of authority for different personnel is identified so everyone knows who has the power to do what (Cyber Resilience Best Practices, n.d.). The third stage is transition where the operation of the controls is tested. This is where the detection occurs since the company through testing knows when an asset is not right through an accident or malicious action. There is also detection of where the attack came from that is internal or external. The fourth stage is operation where controls are operated (Cyber Resilience Best Practices, n.d.). It involves continual testing of the controls, the readiness of a company to respond to attack, minimize the effects and provide the solution within the required time span. The last stage is continual improvement where the strategy must evolve as technology evolves. It must also redefine the whole process once an attack occurs so as to learn from it. Recommendations In order to achieve cyber resilience, the company must identify the types of information it holds and determine what types need to be protected depending on how important the information is. There is sensitive information in every company that must remain confidential such as commercial agreements. For other companies, the integrity of the information is what matters most. Therefore, companies should not aim to protect all information with the same level of security measures. In such cases, there may be some compromises to be made. The decision- making process should involve all stakeholders not only the IT department. In fact, there should be a system where the ownership of information assets is given to those departments that heavily rely on the information. For example, customers personal informations security measures are best identified by the sales and marketing department (Cyber Resilience Best Practices, n.d.). Cyber resilience requires the active participation of other departments. This requires the involvement of the board to oversee this transitioning. In addition, the risk management process but be aligned with the control measures implemented in the cyber resilience practices (Cyber Resilience Best Practices, n.d.). For an effective cyber resilience practice, all stakeholders such as customers, suppliers, and partners must be involved. For example, to implement controls, the procurement department must cooperate to determining the cyber resilience requirements for different suppliers. Similarly, the handling of client information requires the cooperation of the sales and marketing department especially when the information is shared with suppliers. Cyber resilience can also be implemented through sharing of information among organizations. For example, companies can unite and share information about common security threats and attacks (Cyber Resilience Best Practices, n.d.). This can assist those companies that have not been affected to update their security measures. The information shared can also provide the solution on how to detect and remedy such incidences. It can also provide a forum where businesses can acquire training on state of the art technology to handle cybercrime. The government can also formulate standardized policies that must be met to enhance security. Cyber resilience depends on people, processes and technology. The company must provide training to create awareness among employees, suppliers, partners, and customers. This is to ensure security is maintained for all types of information. In the design and implementation of the company, the culture of the company must be considered (Cyber Resilience Best Practices, n.d.). This is because the processes of an organization are governed using clear set rules or loose guidance. The designs chosen should not affect the performance of the company. In regards to technology, the technology and security measures used should cut across different departments and stakeholders. To maintain resilience the company should not only employ various detection and response technologies but also invest in conducting cyber drills. In fact, if those strategies are not tested they are bound to fail. Testing is beneficial for the organization since it needs to use some resources to cater for a threat that has occurred while ensuring all other resources are geared towards providing products and services as before. Therefore, the continuity plans of the organization are vital in case of an attack. If the company uses credit and debit card information it must comply with the PCI security standards (Telstra Cyber Security Report 2017, 2017). Conclusion Conclusively, generally, the policies and frameworks adopted must meet the companys requirements and be aligned with the objectives. As aforementioned, sensitive information is being shared between the business and its partners. This has necessitated the need to include all stakeholders in the cyber resilience practices to achieve efficiency and effectiveness. Companies need to work together with the government to create policies that enhance cyber resilience. Finally, the company should reinvent its business practices to keep up with technological advances and cyber resilience practices. References Cyber Resilience business Practices. (n.d.). [ebook] pp.4-19. Available at: https://www.tsoshop.co.uk/gempdf/RESILIA_Cyber_Resilience_Best_Practices.pdf [Accessed 9 Sep. 2017]. Cybersecurity: Threats, Challenges, Opportunities. (2016). Australian Cyber Security, management. Telstra Cyber Security Report 2017. (2017). Telstra Corporation Limited, pp.4-30.